Calibração da relação fundamental do tráfego a partir de bases de dados muito grandes

Autores

  • Juliana Mitsuyama Cardoso Universidade de São Paulo
  • Lucas Assirati São Carlos School of Engineering, São Paulo – Brazil
  • José Reynaldo Setti São Carlos School of Engineering, São Paulo – Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3738-5605

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v29i1.2317

Palavras-chave:

Modelos de correntes de tráfego, Bases de dados muito grandes, Ajuste de modelos, Algoritmo genético

Resumo

Neste artigo, descreve-se um procedimento para ajustar modelos de correntes de tráfego a partir de bases de dados muito grandes. O procedimento proposto consiste em quatro etapas: (1) um tratamento inicial nos dados para eliminar observações espúrias (ruído) e homogeneizar a informação ao longo de toda a gama de densidades observada; (2) um ajuste inicial do modelo, baseado na soma dos erros quadráticos ortogonais; (3) uma segunda filtragem de dados, visando eliminar os outliers que sobreviveram ao tratamento inicial para eliminação do ruído; e (4) um segundo ajuste final do modelo. O método proposto foi testado ajustando-se o modelo de correntes de tráfego de Van Aerde a um conjunto de 104 mil observações coletadas por uma estação permanente de monitoramento de tráfego instalada numa autoestrada na região metropolitana de São Paulo. A calibração do modelo usou um algoritmo genético para procurar os melhores valores dos parâmetros do modelo. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a eficiência do método proposto.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Arabas, J., Z. Michalewicz, & J. Mulawka (1994). GAVaPS-a genetic algorithm with varying population size. In Proc. of the 1st IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence, p. 73–78. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/icec.1994.350039

Balakrishna, R., C. Antoniou, M. Ben-Akiva, H. N. Koutsopoulos, & Y. Wen (2007) Calibration of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models: Methods and Application. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v. 1999, p. 198–207, DOI: 10.3141/1999-21

Cardoso, J. M., L. Assirati, & J. R. Setti (2019). Influência das condições meteorológicas na operação de rodovias de pista dupla paulistas. In Anais do XXXIII Congresso Nacional de Pesquisa em Transportes, Balneário Camboriú. ANPET.

Chambers, L. D. (2000). The Practical Handbook of Genetic Algorithms: Applications. Chapman and Hall/CRC. DOI: 10.1201/9781420035568

Coifman, B. (2014) Revisiting the empirical fundamental relationship, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, v. 68, p. 173-184. DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2014.06.005

Coley, D. A. (1999). An introduction to genetic algorithms for scientists and engineers. World Scientific Publishing Company. DOI: 10.1142/3904

Demarchi, S. H. (2003). Uma nova formulação para o modelo fluxo-velocidade-densidade de Van Aerde. In CNT/ANPET (Ed.), Transporte em Transformação – 7, p. 77–94. Brasilia, DF: LGE.

Dervisoglu, G., G. Gomes, J. Kwon, R. Horowitz, & P. Varaiya (2009). Automatic calibration of the fundamental diagram and empirical observations on capacity. Paper presented at the 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board.

Diaz-Gomez, P. & D. Hougen (2007). Initial population for genetic algorithms: A metric approach. In Proc. of the 2007 Intl. Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Methods, GEM 2007, Las Vegas, pp. 43–49.

Draper, N. & H. Smith (1980). Applied Regression Analysis (2nd. ed. ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. DOI: 10.2307/1267833

FGSV (2015). Handbuch für die Bemessung von Straßenverkehrsanlagen: HBS 2015 Forschungsgesellschaft für Straßen und verkehrswesen. Cologne: FGSV.

Goldberg, D. E. (1989). Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning. Boston: Addison-Wesley Longman.

Hall, F., V. F. Hurdle, & J. H. Banks (1992). Synthesis of recent work on the nature of speed-flow and flow-occupancy (or densi-ty) relationships on freeways. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board v. 1365, p. 12–18.

Henclewood, D., W. Suh, M. O. Rodgers, & M. Hunter (2013) Statistical calibration for data-driven microscopic simulation model. Presented at 92nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2013.

Hourdakis, J., P. G. Michalopoulos, & J. Kottommannil (2003) A Practical Procedure for Calibrating Microscopic Traffic Simula-tion Models. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v. 1852, p. 130–139, DOI: 10.3141/1852-17.

Jha, M., G. Gopalan, A. Garms, B. P. Mahanti, T. Toledo & M. E. Ben-Akiva (2004) Development and calibration of a large-scale microscopic traffic simulation model. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v. 1876, p. 121–131, DOI: 10.3141/1876-13

Karim, A. & H. Adeli (2002). Comparison of fuzzy-wavelet radial basis function neural network freeway incident detection model with California algorithm. Journal of Transportation Engineering, v. 128, n. 1, p. 21–30. DOI: 10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2002)128:1(21)

Kerner, B. S. (2004). The Physics of Traffic – Empirical Freeway Pattern Features, Engineering Applications, and Theory. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.

Knoop, V. L. & W. Daamen (2017). Automatic fitting procedure for the fundamental diagram. Transportmetrica B: Transport Dynamics, v. 5, n. 2, p. 129–144. DOI: 10.1080/21680566.2016. 1256239.

Knoop, V; S. P. Hoogendoorn & H. Van Zuylen (2009) Empirical differences between time mean speed and space mean speed. In: Traffic and Granular Flow ’07. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 351–356, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-77074-9_36

Lee, J.-B. & K. Ozbay (2009) New calibration methodology for microscopic traffic simulation using enhanced simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation approach. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, v. 2124, p. 233–240, DOI: 10.3141/2124-23

Lu, S., Y. Jun, H. Mahmassani, G. Wenjun, & K. Bum-Jin (2010). Data mining-based adaptive regression for developing equilib-rium speed-density relationships. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, v. 37, n. 3, p. 389–400. DOI: 10.1139/L09-158

Ma, T., and B. Abdulhai (2002) Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimization Approach and Generic Tool for Calibrating Traffic Mi-croscopic Simulation Parameters. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v. 1800, p. 6–15.

May, A. D. (1990). Traffic Flow Fundamentals. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Prentice Hall.

Ni, D. (2016) Traffic Flow Theory: Characteristics, Experimental Methods, and Numerical Techniques. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, p. 51–71. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-804134-5.00004-0

Punzo, V., & M. Montanino (2016) Speed or spacing? Cumulative variables, and convolution of model errors and time in traffic flow models validation and calibration. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, v.91, p. 21–33, DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2016.04.012

Qin, X., & H. S. Mahmassani (2004) Adaptive calibration of dynamic speed-density relations for online network traffic estima-tion and prediction applications. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v.1876, p. 82–89, DOI: 10.3141/1876-09

Qu, X., S. Wang, & J. Zhang (2015). On the fundamental diagram for freeway traffic: a novel calibration approach for single-regime models. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, v. 73, p. 91–102. DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2015.01.001

Rakha, H. (2009). Validation of Van Aerde’s simplified steadystate car-following and traffic stream model. Transportation Letters, v. 1, n. 3, p. 227–244. DOI:10.3328/TL.2009.01.03.227-244.

Rakha, H. & M. Arafeh (2010). Calibrating steady-state traffic stream and car-following models using loop detector data. Transportation Science, v. 44, n. 2, p. 151–168. DOI: 10.1287/trsc.1090.0297

Rakha, H. & B. Crowther (2003). Comparison and calibration of FRESIM and INTEGRATION steady-state car-following behav-ior. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, v. 37, n. 1, p. 1–27. DOI: 10.1016/s0965-8564(02)00003-4

Reeves, C. (1993) Using Genetic Algorithms with Small Populations. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms (ICGA93), p. 92–99.

Sivanandam, S. N. & S. N. Deepa (2007). Introduction to Genetic Algorithms. Berlin: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/ 978-3-540-73190-0

Srinivas, M. & L. M. Patnaik (1994). Adaptive probabilities of crossover and mutation in genetic algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, v. 24, n. 4, p. 656–667. DOI: 10.1109/21.286385

Storn, R. (1996). On the usage of differential evolution for function optimization. In Proceedings of North American Fuzzy Information Processing, p. 519–523. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/nafips.1996.534789

Toledo, T., M. E. Ben-Akiva, D. Darda, M. Jha, & H. N. Koutsopoulos (2004) Calibration of Microscopic Traffic Simulation Models with Aggregate Data. Transportation Research Record: Journal of Transportation Research Board, v.1876, p. 10–19, DOI: 10.3141/1876-02.

Van Aerde, M. (1995). Single regime speed-flow-density relationship for congested and uncongested highways. Paper pre-sented at the 74th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Paper No. 950802.

Van Aerde, M. & H. Rakha (1995). Multivariate calibration of single regime speed-flow-density relationships. In Pacific Rim TransTech Conference. 1995 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference Proceedings. 6th International VNIS, p. 334–341. IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/vnis.1995.518858

Wang, H., Jia Li, Qian-Yong Chen & Daiheng Ni (2011). Logistic modeling of the equilibrium speed–density relationship, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, v. 45, n. 6, p. 554–566. DOI: 10.1016 /j.tra.2011.03.010

Wu, N. (2002). A new approach for modeling of Fundamental Diagrams, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, v. 36, n. 10, p. 867–884. DOI: 10.1016/S0965-8564(01)00043-X.

Yang, H. & K. Ozbay (2011) Calibration of microsimulation models to account for safety and operation factors for traffic con-flict risk analysis. Presented at 3rd International Conference on Road Safety and Simulation, September 14–16, 2011, Indianapolis, Ind.

Zhang, M., J. Ma, S. P. Singh & L. Chu (2008) Developing calibration tools for microscopic traffic simulation Final Report Part III: Global calibration—O-D estimation, traffic signal enhancements, and a case study. UCB-ITS- PRR-2008-8. California PATH Research Report, June 2008.

Zhong, R., C. Chen, A. H. Chow, T. Pan, F. Yuan, & Z. He (2016). Automatic calibration of fundamental diagram for first-order macroscopic freeway traffic models. Journal of Advanced Transportation, v. 50, n. 3, p. 363–385. DOI: 10.1002/atr.1334

Downloads

Publicado

30-04-2021

Como Citar

Mitsuyama Cardoso, J., Assirati, L., & Setti, J. R. (2021). Calibração da relação fundamental do tráfego a partir de bases de dados muito grandes. TRANSPORTES, 29(1), 212–228. https://doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v29i1.2317

Edição

Seção

Artigos