Routing general cargo ships considering the stowage in the holds and the balance of ships in the bow-stern and port-starboard directions

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58922/transportes.v33.e2942

Keywords:

Maritime transport, General cargo, Vehicle Routing, Cargo stowage

Abstract

Exporters of break bulk cargos such as marble and granite blocks, cellulose bales and lumber generally charter general cargo ships for a certain period, during which they can carry out several voyages for sea transport. Therefore, they need to plan trips and load storage in the ships' holds, seeking to reduce freight and navigation costs. This article proposes a mathematical model that defines, in an integrated way, the ships' trips and the storage in the holds, aiming to minimize these transport costs. The model jointly considers multiple trips, multiple compartments, unloading sequence, 3D rotation of items and ship balance during loading, which has not been found in the literature so far. Tests carried out with the CPLEX solver considering an exporter of granite blocks showed that arrangements with 3D rotation can reduce the number of trips and that the model is capable of representing the transport of parallelepiped items in the holds of general cargo ships, considering the unloading sequence and balance of ships in loading.

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Author Biographies

Natan Trancoso Gonçalves, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo

Mestre em Engenharia Civil, Engenheiro Civil. Atua como engenheiro civil em empresas privadas na área de transportes.

Bruna Curto Uliana, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo

Mestre em Engenharia Civil, Engenheira Civil, Atua como Engenheira na Marinha do Brasil.

Rodrigo Alvarenga Rosa, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo

Bolsista CNPq Produtividade PQ-1D Transporte. Professor associado no Depto. Eng. Produção da UFES (disciplinas Portos, Estrada de Ferro e Logística). Pós-Doutor em Engenharia de Transportes (PET) na COPPE- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica (Planejamento Portuário) pela Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) (2006). Mestre em Informática (Roteirização de Veículos) pela UFES (1996). Graduado em Engenharia Civil pela UFES (1989). Professor permanente do PPGEC- UFES - Área de Transportes (Portos, Ferrovia, Pesquisa Operacional, Meta-heurística). Professor permanente do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão Pública (UFES).

References

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Published

2025-06-10

How to Cite

Gonçalves, N. . T., Uliana, B. C. ., & Rosa, R. A. (2025). Routing general cargo ships considering the stowage in the holds and the balance of ships in the bow-stern and port-starboard directions. Transportes, 33, e2942. https://doi.org/10.58922/transportes.v33.e2942

Issue

Vol. 33 (2025)

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Natan Trancoso Gonçalves, Bruna Curto Uliana, Rodrigo Alvarenga Rosa

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