Modelos para dimensionamento de pavimentos de concreto simples submetidos a carregamentos rodoviários e ambientais empregando análise multivariada de dados
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v18i3.450Abstract
Resumo: Diversos métodos modernos de dimensionamento de pavimentos em concreto de cimento Portland são desenvolvidos a partir da modelagem estatística das tensões que solicitam essas estruturas. Utilizando um projeto fatorial que abrange dimensões estruturais largamente adotadas em projetos brasileiros, os autores lançaram mão do método dos elementos finitos (MEF) para calcular as tensões decorrentes do efeito conjunto de um eixo padrão de 80 kN e de gradientes térmicos ambientais obtidos em pistas de teste brasileiras. Essas tensões foram trabalhadas sob a ótica da análise multivariada de dados, que é explicitada neste artigo. São propostos dois modelos de cálculo das tensões principais em placas de concreto, apoiadas em bases cimentadas ou bases granulares, que apresentaram resultados estatisticamente idênticos ao MEF original. Por fim é realizada uma aplicação dos modelos nacionais à estrutura de pavimento utilizada na nova pista da Rodovia dos Imigrantes em 2002 que havia sido dimensionada por critério não oficial estrangeiro.
Abstract: Several modern concrete pavement design guides are developed from the statistical modeling of the stresses found in those structures. Using a concrete pavement structures factorial project that considers widely adopted dimensions for slabs in Brazil, the authors applied the finite element method (FEM) to compute stresses caused by the joint effect of single axle loads of 80 kN and environmental thermal gradients obtained from Brazilian road tests. Those stresses were analyzed by the multivariate data analysis concepts formally presented herein. The authors present two models to compute principal stresses in concrete slabs, supported by unbounded cemented bases or by granular bases. The use of such equations results in statistically identical stresses to those computed by original FEM. At last, an application of such new models to the concrete pavement design of the former 2002 construction of Imigrantes Highway are presented and compared to the original design using a non official alien method.Downloads
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